{"@context":"https://linked.art/ns/v1/linked-art.json","id":"https://media.art.yale.edu/content/lux/obj/6890.json","type":"HumanMadeObject","_label":"Cult Relief of Mithras Slaying the Bull (Tauroctony)","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300047090","type":"Type","_label":"Sculpture","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300435443","type":"Type","_label":"Type of Work"}]},{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300010331","type":"Type","_label":"Objects","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300241507","type":"Type","_label":"Super Type"}]}],"identified_by":[{"type":"Name","content":"Cult Relief of Mithras Slaying the Bull (Tauroctony)","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300404670","type":"Type","_label":"Primary Title"}],"language":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300388277","type":"Language","_label":"eng"}]},{"type":"Identifier","content":"1935.97","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300312355","type":"Type","_label":"Accession Number"}],"assigned_by":[{"type":"AttributeAssignment","carried_out_by":[{"id":"https://media.art.yale.edu/content/lux/agt/12811.json","type":"Group","_label":"Yale University Art Gallery"}]}]},{"type":"Identifier","content":"6890","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300435704","type":"Type","_label":"System-Assigned Number"}],"assigned_by":[{"type":"AttributeAssignment","carried_out_by":[{"id":"https://media.art.yale.edu/content/lux/agt/12811.json","type":"Group","_label":"Yale University Art Gallery"}]}]}],"current_owner":[{"id":"https://media.art.yale.edu/content/lux/agt/12811.json","type":"Group","_label":"Yale University Art Gallery"}],"member_of":[{"id":"https://media.art.yale.edu/content/lux/set/4.json","type":"Set","_label":"Ancient Art Collection, Yale University Art Gallery"},{"id":"https://media.art.yale.edu/content/lux/set/95.json","type":"Set","_label":"Dura-Europos Collection, Yale University"}],"made_of":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300011286","type":"Material","_label":"limestone"}],"dimension":[{"type":"Dimension","value":4.140000000000000e+001,"classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300055644","type":"Type","_label":"height"}],"unit":{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300379098","type":"MeasurementUnit","_label":"cm"},"assigned_by":[{"type":"AttributeAssignment","classified_as":[{"id":"https://media.art.yale.edu/content/lux/dim/13.json","type":"Type","_label":"object"}]}]},{"type":"Dimension","value":5.630000000000000e+001,"classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300055647","type":"Type","_label":"width"}],"unit":{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300379098","type":"MeasurementUnit","_label":"cm"},"assigned_by":[{"type":"AttributeAssignment","classified_as":[{"id":"https://media.art.yale.edu/content/lux/dim/13.json","type":"Type","_label":"object"}]}]},{"type":"Dimension","value":1.420000000000000e+001,"classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300072633","type":"Type","_label":"depth"}],"unit":{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300379098","type":"MeasurementUnit","_label":"cm"},"assigned_by":[{"type":"AttributeAssignment","classified_as":[{"id":"https://media.art.yale.edu/content/lux/dim/13.json","type":"Type","_label":"object"}]}]},{"type":"Dimension","value":7.257552000000000e+004,"classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300056240","type":"Type","_label":"weight"}],"unit":{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300379225","type":"MeasurementUnit","_label":"g"},"assigned_by":[{"type":"AttributeAssignment","classified_as":[{"id":"https://media.art.yale.edu/content/lux/dim/13.json","type":"Type","_label":"object"}]}]}],"referred_to_by":[{"type":"LinguisticObject","content":"On view, 1st floor, Dura-Europos","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300133046","type":"Type","_label":"Access statement"}]},{"type":"LinguisticObject","content":"<span class=\"lux_data\">Ann Perkins, <em>The Art of Dura-Europos</em>, 1st ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973), 84–90, pl.34, ill.</span>","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300311705","type":"Type","_label":"Citations"}]},{"type":"LinguisticObject","content":"<span class=\"lux_data\">Susan B. Downey, <em>The Excavations at Dura-Europos, Final Report III</em> (Los Angeles: Insititue of Archaeology, University of California Los Angeles, 1977), 22–25, 217–225, no. 7, pl. 4, fig. 7</span>","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300311705","type":"Type","_label":"Citations"}]},{"type":"LinguisticObject","content":"<span class=\"lux_data\">Christa Bauchenss-Thüriedl, Erika Simon, and Ingrid Krauskopf, <em>Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae</em>, 8 vols. (Zurich: Artemis, 1981–97), vol. 6, p. 606, no. 226, pl. 354</span>","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300311705","type":"Type","_label":"Citations"}]},{"type":"LinguisticObject","content":"<span class=\"lux_data\">Hans Erik Mathiesen, <em>Sculpture in the Parthian Empire : a study in chronology</em>, 2 volumes (Aarhus Denmark: Aarhus Universitetsforlag, 1992), 196–97, no. 172, vol. 1, appendix II, pp.78–80, fig. 52</span>","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300311705","type":"Type","_label":"Citations"}]},{"type":"LinguisticObject","content":"<span class=\"lux_data\">Lucinda Dirven, <em>The Palmyrenes of Dura-Europos: A Study of Religious Interaction in Roman Syria</em> (Leiden, Netherlands: E. J. Brill, 1999), 262–69, pl. 8</span>","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300311705","type":"Type","_label":"Citations"}]},{"type":"LinguisticObject","content":"<span class=\"lux_data\">Jennifer Chi and Sebastian Heath, eds., <em>Edge of Empires: Pagans, Jews, and Christians at Roman Dura-Europos</em>, exh. cat. (New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, 2011), 90, fig. 4–11</span>","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300311705","type":"Type","_label":"Citations"}]},{"type":"LinguisticObject","content":"Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300435418","type":"Type","_label":"Credit Line"}]},{"type":"LinguisticObject","content":"Syrian, Dura-Europos","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300435431","type":"Type","_label":"Culture"}]},{"type":"LinguisticObject","content":"<span class=\"lux_data\">The Mithraeum at Dura-Europos is unique in featuring two cult reliefs of Mithras slaying the bull (the tauroctony) in the center of the niche. In both, the god appears in his customary pose—plunging a dagger into the bull’s throat—accompanied by the usual symbolic attendants: a raven, dog, snake, sun, and moon. In the later, larger relief, the dedicant and fellow initiates are depicted to one side (see 1935.98). Although dedicants and family members appear in cult images elsewhere at Dura-Europos and at Palmyra, such iconography is extremely rare in Mithraic images.</span>","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300435416","type":"Type","_label":"Description"}]},{"type":"LinguisticObject","content":"41.4 × 56.3 × 14.2 cm, 72.58 kg (16 5/16 × 22 3/16 × 5 9/16 in., 160 lb.)","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300435430","type":"Type","_label":"Dimensions"}]},{"type":"LinguisticObject","content":"in Palmyrene: \"A good memorial, made by Ethpeni, the strategos, son of Zabde'a, who is in command of the archers who are in Dura.  In the month of Adar of the year 480\" (A.D. 168); in Greek: \"Ethpeni, strategos\"","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300435414","type":"Type","_label":"Inscriptions"}]},{"type":"LinguisticObject","content":"Limestone","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300435429","type":"Type","_label":"Medium"}]},{"type":"LinguisticObject","content":"Roman (2nd century A.D.)","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300081446","type":"Type","_label":"Period"}]},{"type":"LinguisticObject","content":"Excavated by the Yale-French Excavations at Dura-Europos (block J7, Mithraeum), present-day Syria, 1928–37; Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, Conn.","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300435438","type":"Type","_label":"Provenance"}]},{"type":"LinguisticObject","content":"<a href=\"https://artgallery.yale.edu/visit\">Plan your visit to the Yale University Art Gallery</a>","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300025883","type":"Type","_label":"Visitors' Statement"}]}],"encountered_by":[{"type":"Encounter","_label":"Collecting Event","took_place_at":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7002270","type":"Place","_label":"Dura-Europos"}]}],"subject_of":[{"type":"LinguisticObject","_label":"View this record on the Yale University Art Gallery website","digitally_carried_by":[{"type":"DigitalObject","_label":"View this record on the Yale University Art Gallery website","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300264578","type":"Type","_label":"Web Page"}],"identified_by":[{"type":"Name","content":"View this record on the Yale University Art Gallery website"}],"format":"text/html","access_point":[{"id":"https://artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/6890","type":"DigitalObject"}]}]},{"type":"LinguisticObject","_label":"IIIF v3 manifest","digitally_carried_by":[{"type":"DigitalObject","_label":"IIIF v3 manifest","identified_by":[{"type":"Name","content":"IIIF v3 manifest"}],"format":"application/ld+json","access_point":[{"id":"https://manifests.collections.yale.edu/yuag/obj/6890","type":"DigitalObject"}],"conforms_to":[{"id":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","type":"InformationObject"}]}]}],"representation":[{"type":"VisualItem","_label":"Primary Image Thumbnail","digitally_shown_by":[{"type":"DigitalObject","_label":"Primary Image Thumbnail","access_point":[{"id":"https://media.collections.yale.edu/thumbnail/yuag/obj/6890","type":"DigitalObject"}],"classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300215302","type":"Type","_label":"Digital Image"}]}]}],"produced_by":{"type":"Production","part":[{"type":"Production","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300025103","type":"Type","_label":"Artist"}],"referred_to_by":[{"type":"LinguisticObject","content":"Artist: Unknown","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300435446","type":"Type","_label":"Creator Description"}]}],"carried_out_by":[{"id":"https://media.art.yale.edu/content/lux/agt/14774.json","type":"Person","_label":"Artist: Unknown"}]}],"timespan":{"type":"TimeSpan","begin_of_the_begin":"0143-01-01T00:00:00Z","end_of_the_end":"0193-12-31T00:00:00Z","identified_by":[{"type":"Name","content":"ca. A.D. 168","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300404669","type":"Type","_label":"Display Date"}]}]},"referred_to_by":[{"type":"LinguisticObject","content":"Dura-Europos, Syria","_label":"Excavated in ","classified_as":[{"id":"http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300435448","type":"Type","_label":"Creation Place Description"}]}]},"shows":[{"id":"https://media.art.yale.edu/content/lux/vis/6890.json","type":"VisualItem","_label":"Cult Relief of Mithras Slaying the Bull (Tauroctony) [Visual Content]"}]}